The collection of the Bethlen Gábor Foundation provides insights into the concerns and the institutionalisation of the national-populist dissent groups in the 1970s and 1980s. The Gábor Bethlen Foundation was officially registered in 1985, though it was in fact active since 1980. The organisation tried to press the Hungarian government to take action in Hungary and in states neighbouring Hungary to foster what it perceived as authentic ethnic Hungarian culture. The efforts to call public attention to the cultural discrimination against Hungarians in the neighbouring socialist countries produced civic networks and initiatives, which were seen as crucial to addressing the failures of the communist government. Furthermore, these civic initiatives generated culture-based criticism of official politics, which was accused of ignoring this important issue.
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Budapest Andrássy út 100, Hungary 1062
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The Hungarian Democratic Forum (HDF) was the first legal oppositional movement in socialist Hungary. The document material of the HDF, based on the private collection of Sándor Lezsák, is a unique source on cultural resistance during the late Kádár period and 1989.
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Lakitelek Felsőalpár 3, Hungary 6065
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The collection of the Slovak writer and publicist Dominik Tatarka (1913–1989) contains unique correspondence, manuscripts and audio recordings illustrating life of this leading Czechoslovak writer, who had been critical to the communist regime since 1950s and became a “banned author” and dissident after 1968.
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Strahovské nádvoří 1, 118 38 Praha 1 - Hradčany, Czech Republic
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The Edvard Kocbek Collection is located in the depot of the National and University Library in Ljubljana. It is actually his personal bequest to that same library. Kocbek was the greatest Slovenian poet and writer of the 20th century, who, as a Christian Socialist, joined the Slovene National Liberation Front under the control of the communists during the Second World War. Due to his divergent opinions about the war and the policies of the new communist regime, immediately after the war he was placed under the surveillance of the secret police (known as the UDBA). After that, he was very soon placed under a kind of public isolation, which implied limited movement and restricted access to intellectual life.
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Ljubljana Turjaška ulica 1, Slovenia 1000
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This collection of the Czecho-Slovak poet, novelist, playwright, philosopher and “guru” of the Czechoslovak underground, Egon Bondy (real name Zbyněk Fišer, 1930–2007), consists of sources related to the history of the Czechoslovak literary underground and the left-wing opposition to the communist regime.
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Strahovské nádvoří 1, 118 38 Praha 1 - Hradčany, Czech Republic
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